Xuan Hua 1st Oct 2024
Xiang Yu is also a name like thunder. The allusion of Chinese chess spectrum, the protagonist of Peking Opera, the source of a lot of idioms, Dong Ge (yes, dog Dong Ge) fellow townsman, the son of Xiang Shaolong in the pseudo-history of "Searching for Qin."
The true Xiang Yu is of noble origin. Zhou Wang vassal Xiang Guo, is also Ji surname, name, the word is feather. His ancestor was a famous overseas star, Xiang Yan, but it was his uncle who brought him out. Eight thousand men in Kuaiji killed Zi Ying and killed Qin. They set fire to the Afang Palace. For a time, the hegemony of the Chu and the Han Dynasties pushed Gaozu Liu Bang into an impasse. But in the end, they were defeated at Gaixia and committed suicide on the Wujiang River.
History has a bad habit of becoming unrecognizable with length, or being dressed up in a different way, intentionally or unintentionally. From the end point of view, Xiang Yu is a defeated general, his defeat, only the Han Dynasty world for 400 years, and even now most of the national options are: Han. But Xiang Yu is also a tragic hero, his courage, his abuse, his ignorance, his long love and his final refusal to cross the Jiangdong pride, but also accurately hit the hearts of the people to the part. Here, humanity is probably all connected, with people favoring tragic heroes, regardless of the fate of the facts - mythologically there are Chinese prisoners, Zygmunt of Northern Europe, Arthur of Celtic, French Napoleon in history, Japanese Nobuyuki Takeda, and Hannibal of Carthage... Even in the future fantasy text, Willie Yang is beyond the existence of the protagonist's popularity.
Xiang Yu fulfilled all the conditions worth demonstrating: he had a high military strength, a successful battle record, a heroism, Yu's affection for his children, and most importantly, he died when he could escape, which was enough for countless people to have had ASMR several times in 2000. Because of this, Xiang Yu was evaluated by Li Wanfang, a talented woman in the Qing Dynasty "The feather of courage, through the ages," is regarded as the representative of the military situation in the "four potential" in the military. So a variety of reputation came one after another, the king of Chu into a civil and military, heroic and tough middle-aged man image.
Zhang Fengyi's King of Chu and Leslie Cheung's Yu Ji in "Farewell to the King," do you think he painted facial makeup to show old or not?
Zhang Fengyi was 37 years old that year, and the king of Chu he played was 30 years old, seven years younger than him.
Yes, Xiang Yu is only 30 years old (232-202 BC).
Perhaps, we think of the king of Chu, throughout his life, but a young mind. Ideal, willful, impulsive and good face.
See some articles said, Xiang Yu read military books, quite strategy; He also said that he could lift tripod and swordsmanship. But what are the facts? Xiang Yu may have been you and me when I was a child, not the so-called "other people's children." The Twelfth Book of Records: Xiang Ji (feather)When I was young, I could not study books, but I did not study swords.His uncle's master Xiang Liang gas to no, but Xiang Yu's ability lies in being able to quibble, but also plausibly.
And anger. The book says: “Books are enough for names. The sword is an enemy, not enough to learn, learn ten thousand enemy.” So Xiang Liang is teaching the art of war, Ji Daxi, a little knowledge of its meaning, but also refused to learn.
Project quibbling said, when a project operator is useless, I want to learn school business management. He did not expect his uncle Xiang Liang is really a versatile ah, a nephew has great ambition ah, happy to start teaching MBA courses. Next, it is the big head of Xiang Yu. You can't dig the hole yourself. Fill it. This time, I learned a fur, and I gave up.
You just say like yourself? Estimated Xiang Liang also take into account is not his own, otherwise can give Xiang yu cooked.
So what is Xiang Yu's ability? Two big: the heart is big, the strength is big!
Qin Shi Huang came to Kuaiji to build a team, and he dared to look at the crowd from afar on the shore and say in the background wall: This guy can be replaced. At that time he was only 22 years old, just the age of college graduation. People do not care what taboo, Leng is in the crowd said in public, scared to kill the Xiang Liang hurriedly cover his mouth. Consider that when a college graduate entered a small academic post, it was his boss. Nearly 30 doctoral students who wrote a thousand words of advice to Ren Zhengfei were expelled. The distance between the First Emperor and the Xiang children was not only heaven and earth, but it was certain.
As for strength, it's already a classic excuse for Daobang to raise a throne, perhaps as a comparison to King Yingwang of Qin Wu before Xiangyu killed himself by raising a sword. (Since then, the evil taste of raising weights to show strength in the wuxia novels has started: Li Yuan Dao raised a stone lion, Wu Song raised skeleton blocks... ） “Ji eight feet long, powerful, talented, although the children of Wuzhong are already afraid to book. ”
Hometown folks have seen him afraid, if no accident, this may be a "Zhou Chu in addition to the three evils" story. So why is it time to make heroes? Qin Shi Huang to Kuaiji cruise ship died that year, the story behind everyone knows, Zhao Gao and Li Si Jiao Zhao killed Fu Su, II Hu Hai debut, Daze Township Chen Sheng Wu Guangjie gan and against. Within a year, the wind and clouds, the world situation to the wind.
Only the heart has no strength (courage), then it is a mouth gun; If there is only strength without heart (ambition), then this is also a foolhardy. A great man in troubled times, these two like the golden breeze jade dew, Xiang Yu boarded the stage.
Since the Spring and Autumn Period, the number of people has been broken, so betrayal and good kill is the background of these hundreds of years, Xiang Yu and his uncle Xiang Liang was no exception. At that time, Yin Tong, the acting governor of Kuaiji County, had always been good to Xiang Yu's uncle and nephew, and also appreciated Xiang Liang's ability. See all over the anti-Qin, but also want to open an independent company, to recruit talent to compete for the world. He came to XiangLiang help, the original thought with dry stock flicker, seal a executives play together. Results Xiang Liang to be their own dry, not a few words let Xiang Yu come in directly cut him the legal person, joint head rolling killed more than a hundred start-up employees, the official seal all for himself.
He said, "It's possible." Then the sword cut off the head. Hang beam hold head, wear its seal ribbon. They were shocked, disturbed, and killed hundreds of people.”
Note that the Xiang Yu was 23 years old at that time.
Not to mention killing 100 people, what are you doing at the age of 23? New entrants into the workplace, is still being bossed around by a group of office greats?
Incorporated into the company, coupled with Xiang Liang really talented, for a time to attack the city and land rewards and punishments, the county counties have been captured. And then from Qin Jia to restore the Chu Qi Wei, is his hand operation. In other words, the start-up capital of Western Chu is a little bit down by Xiang Liang, and at this time Xiang Yu is more like a role similar to that of later Lu Bu.
Therefore, in the prologue of Xiang Yu's hegemony, except for the tripod lifting and the cruise ship shooting incident, these are rarely mentioned. Of course, we can't look at the ancients in the eyes of modern people, that is such an era.
It's just... it's not the glory.
If things go on like this, then the whole history of China may have to be rewritten, and I believe that no matter how wily Liu Bang is, it may not be the opponent of Xiang Liang's literary and military wizards. But then the wheels of history began to turn. Because of pride, Xiang Liang was attacked by Zhang Han in Dingtao and died. Xiang Yu was 25 years old that year, no matter active or passive, he must stand on this stage.
Xiang Yu's courage and thirst for murder coexist. Being able to kill more than 100 people in the Prefectural Mansion is one of the proofs. In the course of following Xiang Liang, Xiang Liang sent his nephew to attack Xiangcheng, “Before the city, the city will not be destroyed. All of them are destroyed. ” The young man hit a hard bone and took a long time to conquer, so he was angry and killed the whole city. This is certainly not courage, but history has arranged a larger stage for him to perform, that is, the famous Battle of Giant Deer.
Unlike the early triumph, after the Qin army returned to God, it quickly suppressed - before Zhang Han killed Xiang Liang, Chen Sheng had been disintegrated, and Zhu Zhu killed the kings of Wei and Qi. This time in Julu, Zhang Han 200 thousand and Wang Li 200 thousand a total of 400,000 Qin troops besieged Zhao Wang Yu Julu (Julu) from north to south. Not to mention the fact that Zhang Han and Wang Li are the generals of the Qin Dynasty. Zhang Han was a prisoner of 200 thousand Lishan Mountain. He won the victory and absolved the crime. His longing for freedom made this team fierce and fearless. And Wang Li 200 thousand Great Wall army, victory in its system, you can imagine the 200 thousand equivalent of the "Game of thrones" northern night watchman, regardless of operational experience or combat readiness is first-class.
He sent messengers to the King of Chu and the princes of the nations to ask for help, and the reinforcements came, and there were hundreds of thousands of them. But the qin army was big, and no one wanted to touch the bad luck, so he was stationed in the north of julu city, which was a bit of the taste of the later world's sit-in war.
Others do not move, Zhao in the center of the encirclement can not move. The Lord of Zhao sent Chen General Chen Ze rate five thousand people to test, the results of an instant was eaten alive to eat a plate clean, to help the mob more dare not move. Are old people in the workplace, dead friends do not die poor truth who know is right?
New people do not understand, Xiang Yu came. How many people?Fifty thousand!
So said "newborn calf is not afraid of tiger" is a neutral word, you lose you are a rookie, you win you are Xiang Yu.
Many later comments on this battle, think that this is all Xiang Yu Art of War. But in the circumstances at that time, to turn the impossible into possible, what effect did the art of war have if it was useful or not? In the final analysis, the art of war is to be practiced by people, and people must have fear and luck, so what art of war does not work.
As for the broken tunnel, the food road, fought these battles, and the strategy is the basic operation of some generals, and the big swamp of Julu Ze is more used for tactical implementation than strategic deployment. Therefore, in this drama, the courage of Xiang Yu, or the courage of the youth, has become the key to victory.
Hence the birth of idioms such as "burn the Rubicon," what to fear? Won the club... Oh no, Guanzhong is the king, lose a big deal to die. In the adult's calm and decadent wretchedness, the juvenile Xiang Yu cast aside all the fear, and the mang was finished! Thus began a blitzkrieg that predated Hitler nearly 2100 years ago.
Xiang Yu is known to lead soldiers across the river, all shipwrecks, broken cauldron retort, burning Lushan, holding three days to show that the soldiers will die, not a heart.Then the king left, and the Qin army met, nine wars, cut off the path, big break, kill Su Jiao, the king left. They don't kill and burn.
At that time, the Crown Prince of Chu. The vassal army saved the deer from the ten walls, and Mo dared to longitudinal troops. And Chu hit Qin, all the generals from the wall. The Ten Commandments are not for the faint of heart but for the faint of heart.
Then the Lord came to him, and the Lord came to him, and he did not look at him.
The first is the Lord of the Rings, and the second is He.
Victory in battle!
A mature adult does not believe in miracles, which allows a 25-year-old to perform miracles.
Some people may say that the ancient life is short, 25 years old is not young gas. But people's growth trajectories do not differ based on the length of their average lifespan. Xiang Yu's impulse, coupled with the characteristics of the times, let him kill (Julu Hou Keng kill Qin Jiang Fu 200 thousand, break Qin slaughter Xianyang), tyranny (fire A Fang palace 3 months), vanity (give up Xianyang East, do search jewelry beauty, the birth of the famous phrase: rich and rich do not go home, such as Jinyi night travel); But it was also his impulse and determination that gave birth to many classic battles and ultimately ended the rule of the violent Qin.
Compared with a wily adult representative Liu Bang, Xiang Yu has a juvenile character. He eat soft do not eat hard, when Peigong can humble himself when he missed a good opportunity several times; He used to be persuaded, had threatened Liu Bang said to cook his father, but the last meal said or sent back to the enemy's family; He was faithful to his covenant, but could not imagine that his opponent had no faith. He also has the youth to just easy to fold, Goujian can sleep on brushwood and taste gall for three years, Xiang Yu would rather splash blood on the Wujiang River and no face to see his father.
Japan has the Ministry of Xiang Yu's anime, the content of the two do not mention, the title is very appropriate -
"The Strongest Boy"
Xiang Yu failed, he has so many smelly problems, but why do we still like him so much?
Because we were all young once!
Orignal text in Chinese on wechat
Xiang Yu figure on horseback can be purchased via the following url:
霸王原来是少年
鍹华模型 2024年10月01日 11:08听全文
项羽，也是一个如雷贯耳的名字了。中国象棋谱的典故人，京剧名段主角，一大堆成语的出处，东哥（对，没错，狗东东哥）同乡，伪史《寻秦记》里项少龙的儿子。
真实的项羽，是贵族出身。周王族诸侯项国之后，也是姬姓，名籍，字才是羽。祖上是出国名将项燕，但带他出道的却是叔父项梁。会稽八千子弟起兵，灭杀子婴亡秦，火烧阿方宫，楚汉争霸一度将高祖刘邦逼入绝境，但最终兵败垓下，自刎乌江。
历史有个坏毛病，总是会随着长度而变得面目全非，或是被有心无意地打扮成另一种样子。从结局看，项羽是个败将，他的败亡，才有了汉室天下400年天下，乃至于如今大部分国人的民族选项里都是：汉。但项羽又是一个悲情英雄，他的勇、他的虐、他的懵懂、他的长情和他最终不肯过江东的傲，又都准确击中了人们心中至情至性的部分。在这点上，全人类可能都是相通的，人民偏爱悲剧英雄，而无关事实的结局如何——神话里有中国的刑天、北欧的齐格飞、凯尔特的亚瑟，历史中法国的拿破仑、日本的武田信玄、迦太基的汉尼拔……乃至在未来幻想文本里的杨威利都是超越主角人气的存在。
而项羽则满足一切值得彰显的条件：武力值满点，战功彪炳，豪侠仗义，又有虞姬的儿女情长，最关键的是他是在可以逃脱的情况下赴死，这足够让2000年里无数人有无数次的ASMR了。也因为这样，项羽被清代才女李晚芳评价“羽之神勇，千古无二”，更是被视为“兵家四势”里兵形势的代表人物。于是各种美誉接踵而来，楚霸王变成了一个文武兼修、豪迈彪悍的中年男子形象。
《霸王别姬》里张丰毅演的楚霸王和张国荣演的虞姬难舍难分，你觉得他是画了脸谱显老还是不画显老？
那年张丰毅37岁，他所饰演的楚霸王30岁，比他还小7岁。
是的，项羽终年不过30岁（公元前232年―公元前202年）。
也许，我们认为的楚霸王，终其一生，不过是一场少年心性。理想、任性、冲动而又好面子。
看到有些文章里说，项羽熟读兵书、颇有韬略；又说他力能举鼎、剑法了得。但是事实是什么呢？项羽可能就是小时候的你我，并不是所谓的“别人家的孩子”。《十二本纪·项羽本纪》记载：项籍（羽）少时，学书不成，去学剑，又不成。把他叔父师父项梁气到不行，但项羽的能耐在于能够狡辩，而且还振振有词。
项梁怒之。籍曰：“书足以记名姓而已。剑一人敌，不足学，学万人敌。”於是项梁乃教籍兵法，籍大喜，略知其意，又不肯竟学。
项目狡辩说，当个项目操作员没用，我要学就学企业管理。他没想到他叔父项梁真是个全才啊，一看侄子有大志哎，喜滋滋就开始教授MBA课程……接下来轮到项羽头大了，没办法自己挖的坑，填吧。这次学了个皮毛大概，又撂挑子了。
你就说像不像你自己吧？估计项梁也考虑到不是亲生，否则能把项羽给烹了。
那么项羽的能耐到底是什么呢？两个大：心气大、力气大！
秦始皇来会稽做个团建，他就敢远远在岸上观瞻人群的背景墙里说：这家伙是可以被取代的。要知道那时候他才22岁，正好是大学生毕业的年龄。人家还不在意什么避讳，楞是在人群里当众说，吓得杀人不眨眼的项梁都赶紧捂他嘴。想想，大学毕业生入职一个小科员都是他顶头大爷，近30的博士生给任正非写万言建议都给开除，始皇帝和项家小子的距离之大何止天上地下，这心气后无来者不好说，前无古人是一定的了。
至于力气大，霸王举鼎这已经是个典故了，也可能是和项羽之前秦武王嬴荡举鼎压死自己做了个对比（从此之后开启了演义小说里举重彰显武力的恶趣味：李元霸举石狮，武松举石墩……）“籍长八尺馀，力能扛鼎，才气过人，虽吴中子弟皆已惮籍矣。”
家乡父老乡亲都已经看到他怕了，如果不出意外，这可能又是一个“周处除三害”的故事。所以说为什么是时势造英雄呢？秦始皇来会稽游船的当年就驾崩了，后面的故事大家都知道了，赵高和李斯矫昭杀扶苏，二世胡亥登场，大泽乡陈胜吴广揭竿而反。一年之内，风起云涌，天下时势到了风口。
只有心气没有力气（勇气），那么就是个嘴炮；如果只有力气没有心气（野心），那么这也就是个莽夫。大丈夫身逢乱世，这两者好似金风玉露，项羽就登上了舞台。
春秋以来人心多少已经礼崩乐坏，所以背叛和好杀是这几百年的底色，项羽以及当时他跟随的叔父项梁也不例外。会稽郡当时的代理郡守殷通向来对项羽叔侄不错，也比较欣赏项梁的能力。看到各地反秦，也想开个独立公司，广纳贤才来逐鹿天下。他找来项梁帮忙，原想着用干股忽悠一下，封个高管一起玩。结果项梁要的是自己干，没几句就让项羽进来直接砍了他这个法人，连带人头滚滚杀了初创员工一百多个，把公章都占为己有。
梁眴籍曰：“可行矣！”於是籍遂拔剑斩守头。项梁持守头，佩其印绶。门下大惊，扰乱，籍所击杀数十百人。”
注意，那时候项羽23岁。
且不说杀百人，23岁的你在干什么呢？初进职场的菜鸟，还在被一群办公室老油子使唤吧？
收编了公司，加上项梁确实有才，一时间攻城略地赏罚分明，郡内各县纷纷被攻取。再后来从并秦嘉到复楚国救齐魏，都是他的一手操作。换句话说，西楚的初创资本，都是项梁一点点打下来的，而这时候的项羽，更像是类似后世吕布这样一个武力震慑的角色。
所以在项羽的争霸序章里，除了举鼎和游船口炮事件，这些很少被提及。当然我们也不能以今人的眼光看古人，那就是这样的一个时代。
只是，算不得光彩就是。
如果事情就这样进行下去，那么整个中国历史可能都要改写，相信刘邦再怎么老谋深算，也未必是项梁这个文武兼备奇才的对手。但这时候，历史的车轮开始了其偏辙。因为骄傲，项梁在定陶被章邯奇袭，兵败身死。那年项羽25岁，无论主动被动，他都必须站在这个舞台上了。
项羽的勇气和嗜杀是并存的。能在郡守府杀百多人，就是证明之一。在跟随项梁的过程中，项梁曾让这个侄子去攻打襄城，“项梁前使项羽别攻襄城，襄城坚守不下。已拔，皆阬之。”小伙子碰到难啃的骨头，打了很久才攻克，于是恼羞成怒下坑杀全城。这当然算不得勇气，然而历史安排了一个更大的舞台等他来演绎，那就是著名的巨鹿（钜鹿）之战。
和初期的高歌猛进不同，在秦军回过神来之后，迅速压制——在章邯杀死项梁前，已经瓦解了陈胜，诛杀魏齐诸王。此次在巨鹿，章邯20万及王离20万共40万秦军南北围困赵王于巨鹿（钜鹿）。且不说章邯王离都是秦之名将，章邯20万骊山囚，胜在其心，用胜利赦免罪，对自由的向往使这支队伍悍不畏死；而王离20万长城军，胜在其制，你可以想象一下这20万相当于《权力的游戏》北境守夜人，无论作战经验还是战备军器都是一流的。
赵王派使者向楚怀王以及各国诸侯求援，援军倒是也来了，浩浩荡荡也好几十万。但秦军势大，谁也不想触这个霉头，所以驻扎在巨鹿城北，颇有点后世静坐战争那种味道。
别人不动，包围圈中心的赵国不能不动。赵国主将陈馀派大将陈泽率五千人去试探，结果顷刻间被生吞活剥吃了个盘子干净，来帮忙的各路乌合之众就更不敢动了。都是职场老人了，死道友不死贫道的道理谁都懂是吧？
新人不懂，项羽来了。多少人？5万！
所以说“初生牛犊不怕虎”是个中性词，你输了你就是菜鸟，你赢了你就是项羽。
后世很多评点这场战役的时候，认为这都是项羽兵法了得。但在当时的环境下，要把不可能变为可能，兵法有用无胆用又有什么效果？说到底，兵法是要人来实行的，人要有恐惧和侥幸，那么什么兵法都不管用。
至于破甬道断粮道，打了这些个仗了，战略都是些大将的基本操作，况且巨鹿泽这块大沼泽用到的更多是战术执行而不是战略部署。所以在这场大戏里，项羽的勇，或者说少年的勇，就成为了决胜关键。
因此诞生了诸如“破釜沉舟”这样的成语，怕什么？赢了会所……哦不，关中为王，输了大不了一死。在成年人的不动声色和腐朽的猥琐之中，少年气的项羽抛开了所有恐惧，莽就完了！于是打出了早于希特勒近2100年的一次闪电战。
项羽乃悉引兵渡河，皆沉船，破釜甑，烧庐舍，持三日粮，以示士卒必死，无一还心。於是至则围王离，与秦军遇，九战，绝其甬道，大破之，杀苏角，虏王离。涉间不降楚，自烧杀。
当是时，楚兵冠诸侯。诸侯军救钜鹿下者十馀壁，莫敢纵兵。及楚击秦，诸将皆从壁上观。楚战士无不一以当十，楚兵呼声动天，诸侯军无不人人惴恐。
於是已破秦军，项羽召见诸侯将，入辕门，无不膝行而前，莫敢仰视。
项羽由是始为诸侯上将军，诸侯皆属焉。
一战功成楚霸王！
一个成熟的成年人是不相信奇迹的，这让一个25岁的青年造就了奇迹。
也许有人说，古人寿短，25岁已经不算少年气了。但人的成长轨迹并不因为平均寿命的长短而有所不同。项羽的冲动，加上当时的时代特点，让他嗜杀（巨鹿后坑杀秦降卒20万，破秦戮咸阳）、暴虐（火烧阿方宫3个月）、虚荣（放弃咸阳东归，尽搜珠宝美女， 诞生了名句：富贵不归乡，如锦衣夜行）；但也是他的冲动和果决，诞生了诸多经典战役，最终结束了暴秦的统治。
和一个老谋深算的成年人代表刘邦相比，项羽更是有着少年特性。他吃软不吃硬，当沛公能伏低做小时他几次放过了大好机会；他惯于被说服，曾吓唬刘邦说要烹他老爹，但最后一顿说还是发回了死敌的家眷；他信守盟约，只是想不到对手毫无诚信可言。他还有少年人的至刚易折，勾践可卧薪尝胆三年，项羽宁可血溅乌江而无颜见父老。
日本有部项羽的动漫，内容中二就不提了，标题倒是非常贴切——
《最强少年项羽》
项羽失败了，他有那么多臭毛病，可为什么我们还是那么喜欢他？
因为我们都曾经是个少年！
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